This law was enacted to strengthen wetland protection, maintain wetland ecological functions and biodiversity, ensure ecological security, promote the construction of ecological civilization, and achieve harmonious coexistence between man and nature (art 1).

Article 39 of the law states that scientific studies shall be performed and measures taken accordingly to the local conditions of the original and degraded wetlands to ensure a restoration of their ecological functions. It further charges local governments to take measures relative to water body management, land improvement, vegetation restoration, and animal protection to enhance functions and carbon sink capabilities.