Federal Decree-Law No. 11 of 2024 on the Reduction of Climate Change Effects.

This Decree-Law consisting of 21 articles aims to (i) managing emissions to ensure effective contribution to international efforts aimed at mitigating the impacts of climate change and achieving climate neutrality; (ii) strengthening the capacity of ecosystems, economic sectors, and society to adapt to the impacts of climate change; (iii) supporting innovation, research, and development, utilizing modern technology, building capacities, enhancing the private sector's contribution, and leveraging international cooperation mechanisms to support the efforts of mitigation and adaptation in the State; (iv) sharing data related to emissions and the impacts of climate change at the national level, and supporting regional and international cooperation in the field of knowledge and data related to climate change; (v) aligning national and local plans and strategies related to mitigation and adaptation, enhancing the State's position in global competitiveness indicators, and supporting sustainable development efforts, green and circular economies, and economic diversification plans in the State. Article 4 outlines the measures for reducing emissions to achieve climate neutrality, including improving energy efficiency, utilizing clean energy, enhancing and protecting natural carbon sinks, implementing carbon capture, use, and storage (CCUS), adopting alternatives to saturated fluorocarbons, engaging in carbon offsetting, and establishing integrated waste management practices. The Cabinet shall determine annual targets for emission reduction for all sectors in line with the economic development priorities and by following international best practices. Sources designated by the Ministry and the competent authority must regularly (i) measure emissions; (ii) maintain an inventory; (iii) submit periodic reports; (iv) implement reduction measures; (v) provide data on emissions-related activities, planned reductions, and expected outcomes. The competent authority shall develop and implement adaptation plans in infrastructure, energy, environment, health, and insurance sectors. Article 10 mandates the implementation of incentive policies and mechanisms to encourage sources to adopt and develop new technologies, implement advanced emission reduction measures, and enhance sustainability efforts. These incentives may include facilitating carbon offsetting activities, enabling emissions trading, and adopting shadow carbon pricing. Article 12 provides for the approval, periodic review, and enforcement of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to ensure compliance with emission reduction and adaptation commitments. Articles 15-17 concern penalties for the violations. Under Article 18, sources subject to the provisions of this Decree-Law shall adjust their status within one year from the date of entry into force of its provisions.