Protocol for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against pollution resulting from exploration and exploitation of the continental shelf and the seabed and its subsoil (Offshore Protocol).

The Parts hereby undertake to adopt appropriate measures in order to prevent, abat, combat and control pollution in the Mediterranean Sea resulting from particular activities concerning exploration and exploitation of resources. As regards the geographical coverage, this Protocol applies to: (a) the Protocol Area, as defined in article 1 of the Barcelona Convention, including the continental shelf and the seabed and its subsoil; (b) waters, including the seabed and its subsoil, on the landward side of the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured and extending, in the case of watercourses, up to the freshwater limit. Section II of the Protocol lays down the authorization system. All activities in the above-mentioned area may be carried out only upon prior issue of an authorization by the competent authorities. Authorizations shall be granted upon an examination of requirements referred to in article 5 and Annex IV to this Protocol. Authorization is to be rejected if the proposed activities cause adverse effects on the environment. Section III regards wastes and harmful or noxious substances and materials. Section IV concerns safeguard, whereas Section V is devoted to cooperation among the parties. Article 26 outlines the measures to be adopted in case of transboundary pollution. Moreover, the following Annexes are attached: (I) Harmful or noxious substances and materials the disposal of which in the Protocol Area is prohibited; (II) Harmful or noxious substances and materials the disposal of which in the Protocol Area is subject to a special permit; (III) Factors to be considered for the issue of the permit; (IV) Environmental Impact Assessment; (V) Oil and oily mixtures and drilling fluids and cuttings; (VI) Safety measures; (VII) Contingency plan.