National Action Plan on Antibiotic Resistance.

The Plan discusses strategies for reducing antibiotic use across various sectors, emphasizing the importance of preserving antibiotic effectiveness for the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment. It advocates a holistic approach, the "One Health" strategy, aiming to minimize the release of antibiotics, resistant microorganisms, or resistance genes into the environment. It highlights specific areas of concern in human health, such as surveillance, hygiene, infection prevention, rational use of antimicrobial drugs, diagnostic methods for infectious diseases, and information dissemination. It proposes measures based on current situations, desired outcomes, and recommendations from a multidisciplinary team of experts from both practice and academia. In the animal sector, experts aim for substantial impacts in the medium to long term through surveillance of antibiotic resistance, monitoring antibiotic use, evaluating practices, enhancing biosafety, hygiene, optimizing antibiotic use, training, and transparently sharing results. Regarding food safety, deepening insights through surveillance, hygiene practices, and education are central components. In the environmental domain, monitoring wastewater and surface waters, coupled with strategies in waste and wastewater management, chemicals, and biocides, contribute to preventing antimicrobial resistance.
The Plan is designed in 10 Sections and provides for three levels of cooperation at global, europe and country-wide; projects, surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship for humans, animals and food; measures to strengthen insights through surveillance, and biosafety, hygiene, and infection prevention at global level; research and development; communication and evaluation of the national strategy.