ENREDD+ National REDD+ Strategy

REDD+ is an economic instrument developed under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), to which Brazil is a Party. Its function is to provide financial incentives to developing countries for their results achieved in combating deforestation and forest degradation and in enhancing forest cover. Through this instrument, developing countries that produce verified results of forest-related greenhouse gas emission reductions and enhancement of forest carbon stocks become eligible to receive results-based payments from various international sources, in particular the Green Climate Fund (GCF).
Activities that characterize REDD+: reducing emissions from deforestation; reducing emissions from forest degradation; conservation of forest carbon stocks; sustainable management of forests; and enhancement of forest carbon stocks. Required elements for REDD+ results recognition: a national strategy or action plan; a national forest reference emission level and/or forest reference level (or, as an interim measure, the corresponding subnational levels); a robust and transparent national forest monitoring system for reporting of the REDD+ activities (with subnational monitoring as an interim measure); and a system for providing information on how the REDD+ safeguards are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of the REDD+ activities. Incentives architecture: consists in a results-based payment scheme for results already achieved. Unlike the project centred and the nested approaches, the established approach under the UNFCCC for REDD+ implementation is national, the submission of results is under the responsibility of the Parties. At the COP-19, held in 2013, the Warsaw Framework for REDD+ was established, a set of seven decisions defining the international structure, the main rules, transparency tools and procedures for REDD+ financial, methodological and institutional aspects under the UNFCCC.
National Strategy aims at Fostering Sustainable Productive Activities through the following steps: 3.1. Strengthen the productive chains that constitute alternatives to deforestation; 3.2. Promoting good practices in agriculture, including alternatives to the use of fire; 3.3. Increase the production of wood and promote market growth for sustainable forest management;; 3.4. Promote environmental compliance and foster sustainable production in agrarian reform settlements and smallholdings; 3.5. Generate sustainable development related science, technology and innovation in the Amazon. The institutions responsible for carrying out the actions planned on the three axis of the PPCDAm utilize their own budgetary resources or funds from other sources to do so.
Promoting the environmental regularization of private rural areas is crucial for improving land use practices in the country and a key component of Brazil’s strategy to keep deforestation under control. To this end, the Forest Code established mandatory registration on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) for all rural landholdings (Article. 29, Law No. 12.651/2012). The rural properties that have environmental liabilities relating to the insufficiency of APP and RL shall present a Degraded or Altered Area Recovery Project, which is an instrument of the Environmental Regularization Programme, in accordance with Decrees No. 7.830/2012 and No. 8.235/2014 (pag. 17).
According to the Brazilian Forest Service (SFB), the remaining forested areas cover approximately 54% of the national territory - which corresponds to 463 million hectares. These areas present a huge potential for climate change mitigation, be it by actions to fight illegal deforestation resulting in emission reductions, by enhancing removals through the recovery of degraded areas, by sustainably managing forests or by conserving native vegetation. To improve environmental monitoring at the national level, the Brazilian Biomes Environmental Monitoring Programme was established, by MMA’s Ordinance No. 365/201519. The programme will be implemented through partnerships between the MMA, MCTI through INPE, MAPA through Embrapa, and IBAMA, and other institutions, when appropriate. The funding will come from the Federal Budget, as well as from international cooperation and established funds, such as the Amazon Fund and the National Climate Change Fund (1.3).