Botswana’s 2nd Updated Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement.

Botswana’s Second Updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement outlines the country’s commitment to climate action for the 2024-2030 period. Botswana, a low greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter contributing only approximately 0.019% of global emissions, prioritizes climate change adaptation with co-benefits of mitigating GHG emissions over pure mitigation measures due to its vulnerability to climate change. The NDC highlights both adaptation and mitigation strategies, focusing on sectors such as energy, agriculture, forestry, water, and infrastructure. Key adaptation measures include improving water resource management, promoting climate-smart agriculture, and enhancing biodiversity conservation. The mitigation strategy aims to reduce emissions through increased renewable energy adoption, energy efficiency programs, and improved livestock and land management practices. Botswana targets a 15% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030, with conditional and unconditional financing components. Issues of gender have also been prioritised to ensure that vulnerable members of communities are protected.