Canada Wildlife Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. W-9).

The present Act is a federal law designed to protect and manage wildlife and their habitats across Canada. It establishes the powers and responsibilities of the Minister of the Environment, including the ability to create protected areas, coordinate with provinces, and implement conservation programs. The Act applies to all wild species and their habitats, whether on land or in marine environments, and is binding on both federal and provincial governments.
The Act grants the Minister authority to undertake research, promote public cooperation, and enter into agreements with provinces, municipalities, or other organizations for wildlife conservation. It also allows for the acquisition and management of lands for conservation purposes, the designation of wildlife officers, and the establishment of regulations to protect endangered species. The Act outlines procedures for inspections, search and seizure, and compliance orders to ensure adherence to its provisions.
The Act sets out a comprehensive regime of offences and penalties for violations, including significant fines and imprisonment for individuals and corporations. It details aggravating factors for sentencing, the application of fines to environmental degradation, and additional court orders that may be imposed on offenders, such as compensation, community service, or the suspension of permits. The Act also provides for public reporting of corporate convictions and periodic review of its enforcement provisions to ensure ongoing effectiveness.