Implementation Plan for Advancing Comprehensive Ecological Compensation.

This Implementation Plan for Advancing Comprehensive Ecological Compensation is issued jointly by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance with the approval of the State Council of China. It aims to improve the effectiveness of ecological compensation mechanisms, strengthen protection of key regions and ecosystems, promote green and low-carbon development, and transform ecological advantages into economic benefits.
The Plan seeks to enhance vertical fiscal compensation, interregional horizontal compensation, and market-based compensation mechanisms, while encouraging participation by governments, markets, and society. It sets the objective of establishing a more comprehensive ecological compensation system by 2030.
The Plan promotes coordinated protection of major river basins, lakes, drinking water sources, national parks, biodiversity, forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, oceans, and cultivated land. It supports ecological industries, ecological tourism, clean energy, ecological agriculture, fisheries conservation, and habitat protection, including compensation for wildlife damage. The Plan also advances market-based trading of carbon emission rights, water rights, pollution discharge rights, and carbon sink benefits, while encouraging green finance, ecological compensation funds, ecological restoration, rural employment, and income-support measures for ecological protection stakeholders.