Growth and Transformation Plan 2010/11-2014/15.

The present Growth and Transformation Plan is guided by Ethiopia 's overall vision “to become a country where democratic rule, good-governance and social justice reign upon the involvement and free will of its peoples , and once extricating itself from poverty to reach the level of a middle-income economy as of 2020-2023." Chapter 2 contains the particular vision and basis, as well as the objectives and strategic pillars of the present Plan. The country's vision specifically on the economic sector includes: "building an economy which has a modern and productive agricultural sector with enhanced technology and an industrial sector that plays a leading role in the economy, sustaining economic development and securing social justice and increasing per capita income of the citizens so as to reach the level of those in middle-income countries.
The specific objectives of the Plan are as follows: 1) Maintain at least an average real growth rate of 11%; 2) Expand and ensure the qualities of education and health services; 3) Establish suitable conditions for sustainable nation building through the creation of a stable democratic and developmental state; and 4) Ensure the sustainability of growth by realizing all the above objectives within a stable macroeconomic framework. To achieve these objectives the following strategic pillars shall be enacted: 1) Sustaining rapid and equitable economic growth; 2) Maintaining agriculture as major source of economic growth; 3) Creating conditions for the industry to play a key role in the economy; 4) Enhancing expansion and quality of infrastructure development; 5) Enhancing expansion and quality of social development; 6) Building capacity and deepen good governance, and 7) Promote gender and youth empowerment and equity
As to Pillar 2) concerning agricultural development, it is underlined that this strategy will support strongly the intensified production of marketable farm products for domestic and export markets, by small farm holders and private agricultural investors. Fundamentals of the strategy include a shift to production of high value crops with a special focus on potential high productivity areas, intensified commercialisation, and support for development of large-scale commercial agriculture, where feasible. The commercialisation of smallholder farming will continue to be the major source of agricultural growth. Concerted support will be given to increase private investment in large commercial farms too. Further strategies include development of a more transparent agricultural marketing system and increased investment in marketing infrastructure.
Pillar 6 on Good governance and building capacity, emphasizes that strengthening institutional capacity is vital to implement the present Growth and Transformation Plan policies, strategies and programmes and there by achieve satisfactory results. Government has designed national programmes, policies and strategies that strengthen and sustain the country's implementation capacity, institutionally and organisationally. This is a vital contribution to the on-going process of democratization. Pillar 7 concerns the improvement of the situation of women and youth. To this end, the government will scale up its efforts to implement its Women's and Youth Policies and Programmes. These policies contain essential initiatives that will contribute to the participation and effective utilization of the untapped potential of these key social groups.
Chapter 5 deals with Economic Sector Development Plan dealing, inter alia, with Agriculture and Rural Development. Main focuses for agriculture and rural development are increasing the capacity and extensive use of labour, proper utilization of agricultural land, taking account of different agro-ecological zone s, linking specialization with diversification, integrating agricultural and rural development strengthening the agricultural marketing system and effective implementation of the scaling up of best practices in the sector. In particular, this section deals with: a) Smallholder Agriculture Development (Expand Irrigation Development and Improve Natura l Resources Conservation, Production of high value crops); b) Pastoral development: Activities implemented in pastoral areas mainly focus on livestock resource. In that sense priority is given to water development adequate both for the local community and livestock. This activity will be implemented in relation to the improvement of pastoral land irrigation development. Activities related to food security will be implemented mainly in connection with infrastructure developments. In this Chapter there is also a section on Private Sector Agricultural Development: Agricultural development policy explicitly states that private investors can participate in the nation's agriculture development endeavours. As a result of the effort s exerted to implement this policy success has been realised in the floriculture.
The major targets are listed in Table 19 and include, inter alia, cultivated land, coffee production and productivity, livestock development, agricultural inputs supply, agricultural extension, improving soil fertility, Natural Resource Conservation Programme, small scale irrigation programme, food security, agricultural marketing, cooperative development, agricultural research, private Investment in the agricultural sector, horticulture development.
Chapter 7 deals with Capacity building and good governance. Strategic directions in the capacity building component include a concerted and integrated effort to enhance the capacity of the civil service to implement government policies and strategies effectively and efficiently. During the GTP period, the strategic direct ions to ensure democratic governance in the country are to adopt and effectively enforce laws that support democracy and good governance, conduct free fair and democratic elections and ensure the human rights of all citizens. Good governance plays a key role in realizing the government's objective of eradicating poverty by enhancing public trust and ensuring efficient allocation of public resources for development.
Chapter 8 on Cross cutting sectors lays down provisions, inter alia, relating to gender and children’s affairs. The main objectives for gender development during the plan period are to ensure women's active participation in the country's economic and social development as well as political processes and equal benefit s to women from the resultant outcomes. In addition, harmful traditional practices that adversely affect the active engagement and welfare of women will be abolished. The targets are as follows: 1) Increase the number of women entrepreneurs that graduate from operating micro enterprises to small and medium scale businesses; 2) Increase the number of women who receive training in management and entrepreneurship; 3) Increase the number of women beneficiaries of credit and saving services; 4) Reduce the rate of abduction early marriage and female genital mutilation; 5) Increase the participation of women in decision making process. Chapter 8 also contains a section on Environment and Climate Change emphasizing that environmental conservation plays a vital role in sustainable development. Building a 'Green Economy' and ongoing implementation of environmental laws are among the key strategic directions to be pursued during the plan period. In building a green' and climate change resistant economy there are two key issues, adaptation to climate change and mitigation of greenhouse gases. Table 50 sets out, inter alia, the targets as follows: i) The climate change resistant green economy will be strengthened and measures will be taken by all tiers of government for preparation and implementation of environmental action plans in all regions; ii) Policies. Laws strategies and action plans will be put in place to address climate change mitigation; iii) Dams, roads and infrastructure facilities which contribute to poverty reduction but are vulnerable to impacts of climate change will be identified and mitigation measures will be put in place; iv) Measures will be taken to mitigate climate change impacts to conserve the biological resources; v) Regions and cities/towns pass and implement laws to build a measurable and achievable green economy; vi). Establish a national system for environmental NCOs to assist them in the efforts to build green economy; vii) A dry' waste management law will be implemented at all federal and regional levels; viii) The law on biogas emission rate by the 8 high emission rate industries will be fully implemented; ix) A national system will be built to help Ethiopia build a carbon free economy by 2025 and quality for additional global environment fund support.
Chapter 10 deals with Monitoring and Evaluation of the present Plan. The main objective of the GTP monitoring and evaluation system is to follow up on implementation of the sectoral and cross cutting plans included in the present Plan so as to ensure effectiveness of government policies and strategies. The Ministry of Finance and Economic Development shall be in charge to monitor the overall present Plan but also the Federal Executive Bodies shall ensure that the Plan is efficiently implemented.
Chapter 5 includes also a section on Mining. For the mining sector, the government's main focus is to create a favourable environment for private investors for exploration and development of mineral resources. Among other initiatives the government will collect, analyse and interpret basic geo-science information for potential investors. Mineral exploitation holds enormous importance for agriculture, urban development, industrial development, construction, energy and other economic sectors. The core objectives for the sector in the plan period include establishing accurate estimates of and utilising the reserves of minerals that contribute to increased agricultural production through improving soil productivity. An additional area of focus is land exploration, identification and utilization to determine water quality and quantity for domestic consumption and irrigation. Chapter 5 deals also with Energy. The major objectives for the energy sub-sector are to meet the demand for energy in the country by providing sufficient and reliable power supply that meet s international standards at all times. This objective will be achieved by accelerating and completing the construction of new hydropower electric generation projects, and strengthening the existing transmission lines to provide improved access to rural villages all over the country.
The text consists of 10 Chapters as follows: Achievements and Challenges under Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to end Poverty (PASDEP) (1); Basis, Objectives and Strategic Pillars of the GTP (2); Macroeconomic Framework of the Growth and Transformation Plan (3); Financing the Plan (4); Economic Sector Development Plan (5); Social Sector Development (6); Capacity Building and Good Governance (7); Cross-Cutting Sectors (8); Opportunities, Risks and Challenges in Implementing the GTP (9); Monitoring and Evaluation of the GTP (10);