Health National Adaptation Plan-II (2024-2028).

The Health National Adaptation Plan II (HNAP-II) for Ethiopia (2024–2028) provides a strategic framework to address the health impacts of climate change and strengthen the resilience of the health system. Ethiopia is highly vulnerable to climate-related hazards such as droughts, floods, heatwaves, and disease outbreaks, which exacerbate public health challenges including vector-borne diseases, respiratory illnesses, diarrheal diseases, undernutrition, and mental health disorders. The plan builds on the previous HNAP (2017–2020) and aligns with national policies such as the Climate Resilient Green Economy strategy and the National Adaptation Plan. It emphasizes multi-sectoral collaboration, gender sensitivity, and equitable implementation. The overarching goal is to protect human health from climate risks by reducing morbidity and mortality, enhancing early warning systems, ensuring universal health coverage, and promoting climate-informed health workforce development. Strategic objectives include strengthening governance, integrating climate considerations into health programs, improving surveillance and research, and mainstreaming climate resilience across sectors. Key interventions focus on leadership, capacity building, climate risk monitoring, vulnerability assessments, health and climate research, management of environmental determinants, climate-resilient infrastructure, public awareness, and sustainable financing. Implementation will involve national and sub-national actors, universities, civil society, and development partners, supported by a robust monitoring and evaluation framework. The plan prioritizes evidence-based decision-making, community engagement, and resource mobilization through mechanisms such as Green Health Financing.