European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (2018 C.1).

This Act implements the Withdrawal Agreement, as agreed between the United Kingdom and the European Union (EU). The Act is required to implement the Withdrawal Agreement for it to have domestic legal effect and to enable the UK Government to ratify the Withdrawal Agreement. This Act is also the vehicle for the Government to give effect to the EEA EFTA Separation Agreement between the UK and Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, and the Swiss Citizens Rights Agreement between the UK and Switzerland. The Act provides for the direct application of the Withdrawal Agreement provisions in domestic law where relevant, whilst also recognising the sovereignty of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act amends the EU (Withdrawal) Act 2018 to ensure it reflects the terms of the Withdrawal Agreement. The Act also creates powers to make secondary legislation, where appropriate, to enable the Withdrawal Agreement to be implemented domestically. It includes amendments to the Northern Ireland Act 1998 in relation to rights, safeguards and equality of opportunity protections contained in the Belfast (Good Friday) Agreement 1998. All these measures provide for the implementation of the Withdrawal Agreement agreed between the UK and the EU pertaining to the UK s withdrawal from the EU. This Act also includes provision relating to facilitating access for Northern Ireland goods to the market in Great Britain, as well as further provision to ensure no alteration to the arrangements for North-South co-operation can occur as a result of this Act.
Under the terms of Part 4 of the Withdrawal Agreement, it will be necessary to ensure that the EU Treaties and other EU law continues to apply in the UK during the implementation period. This will be achieved by way of transitional provision, by which the Act amends the EU (Withdrawal) Act 2018 so that the effect of the European Communities Act (ECA) is saved for the time-limited implementation period. he Act also modifies the saved ECA provisions to reflect the fact that the UK has left the EU, and that the UK s relationship with EU law during this period is determined by the UK s obligations under the Withdrawal Agreement, rather than as a Member State. The Act will also make sure that existing legislation continues to operate properly during the implementation period, despite the fact that the UK is no longer a Member State.