Second Nationally Determined Contribution of The Gambia.

This Second National Determined Contribution is developed, after the Conference of the Parties 21 in Paris, as an advance relative to the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC1) and represents The Gambia’s commitment to a conditional target that sets emissions on a downward trajectory, aiming at achieving net zero emissions by 2050, while strengthening the integration of the identified mitigation measures into national planning processes, as outlined in the 2050 Climate Vision of The Gambia. This Second National Determined Contribution is structured as follows: 1) Mitigation Actions, including: overall reductions; emission reduction targets; impact of mitigation measures across the different sectors: agriculture, land use, land-use change and forestry, energy, transport, waste management, industrial processes and product use; national understanding of conditionality; impact of unconditional and conditional mitigation measures. 2) Adaptation undertakings, including: vulnerability to climate change; planned adaptation actions. 3) Means of implementation, including: finance, technology development and transfers, capacity building. 4) Institutional arrangements.
Compared to the NDC1, this Document extends the sectoral coverage, focusing on all greenhouse (GHG) emissions in The Gambia in various sectors, including emissions for both solid waste and wastewater, in line with the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) guidelines; the mitigation measures have been revised and strengthened, including additional ones identified through the metabolic analysis and the cost-effectiveness analysis of renewable energy mitigation options; the database to estimate baseline emissions has been improved and enhanced and the adaptation section has been strengthened, providing more details on The Gambia’s climate vulnerability, envisaged adaptation action and finance needs. In consideration of the country’s high vulnerability to the impacts of climate change and particularly to coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion, reduced rainfalls, droughts, the Contribution outlines several activities aimed at enhancing climate change resilience in The Gambia, including the development of a climate-resilient integrated waste management system, in order to generate energy from waste; the development of a climate-resilient energy infrastructure, through the exploitation of renewable energy sources; the protection and restoration of forests and agricultural landscapes through afforestation and reforestation; the management and modernising of fisheries.
Considering the impact of mitigation measures on the various sectors and the right of the population to live in a healthy and sustainable environment, the Contribution focuses on: implementation of climate-smart agriculture, to improve agricultural resilience through water harvest and use, biodiversity management, pest and disease control, use of quality seeds and planting materials; improvement of livestock production, through combination of forestry protection measures and grazing and animal health protection; food loss reduction; afforestation and fire prevention and control; improvement of food security through agroforestry measures; replacement of firewood from non-renewable resources and wood used for timber; integrated waste management, waste recovery, solid waste management, wastewater management, improvement of sewage system to capture and use biogas, in order to avoid pollution of ground and surface waters, grant water supply to rural communities and use sludge as an organic fertiliser; greenhouse gas emissions abatement in food industry; disasters prevention.