National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change.

The National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change (PNACC) (2023) is organized in an Introduction, 5 Parts and IV Annexes. The Introduction clarifies the objectives of the Plan; Part 1 outlines the current legal framework that deals with climate change at national, regional and local level; Part 2 is a climate analysis, including marine areas; Part 3 concerns the climate challenges and distinguishes among sectors; Part 4 enlists the measures and actions to tackle climate change; Part 5 is focused on climate resilience. The Annexes include a detailed description of the sectoral challenges, a spreadsheet with a summary of all the actions and two guidance documents that outline regional and local climate adaptation strategies/plans ("Methodologies for the definition of regional strategies and plans for adaptation to climate change” and the “Methodologies for definition of local strategies and plans for adaptation to climate change").
The main objective of the PNACC is to provide a national framework for the implementation of actions aimed at reducing the risks deriving from climate change, to improve natural, socio and economic adaptation, as well as to take advantage of any opportunities that may arise under the new climatic conditions. The general objective of the PNACC is expressed through four specific objectives: 1) define a national governance for adaptation, clarifying the needs for coordination between the different levels of local government and the different sectors of intervention; 2) improve knowledge on the impacts and risks of climate change; 3) define the modalities of inclusion of the PNACC's principles, actions and measures of adaptation to the climate change in the national, regional and local Plans and Programs; 4) define sectoral and intersectoral methods and tools for implementing the actions of the PNACC.
Actions to achieve the main objectives are divided into those that aim at strengthening the administrative and technical systems and the sectoral one. Whitin the first category follow some of the actions include: establishment of the National Observatory for adaptation to climate change; identification of authorities and tools to implement the PNACC; research program to increase knowledge on climate change, etc. The Sectorial Actions are 361 and can be found in the spreadsheet attached. The sectors include fresh water management as well as aquatic ecosystems (increased connectivity of water infrastructures; increase accumulation potential in rural areas and provide incentives for water saving; watercourses management; improve preparedness and emergency intervention measures in case of droughts or other hydrological risks; revegetation of river mouths; minimum water flow assessment, etc.); fisheries and aquaculture (research on risks and impact of climate change on aquaculture industry and species; prevention of IUU fishing; restrictions and limitations on size, gears/methods, areas of fishing and quota per vessel; reduction of energy cost and combination with tourism activities; etc.); marine areas and coastal management (research on water acidification and sea-level rising, impact on animals and plants; fish stocking; programs aimed at naturalizing the coastal areas and marine protected areas); agriculture (several incentives for projects to improve quality of soil, reduce erosion, use new technologies, improve animal health, maintain traditional farming techniques, and improve genetic resources; etc.); desertification; forestry (actions aimed at reducing forest fires, threats of pests and pathogens, protected areas, afforestation, etc.); tourism and energy, among others.