Law No. 10 of 2025 - General Electricity Law.

This Law, comprising 40 articles, aims to (i) develop the electricity sector in accordance with the requirements and business interests of public entities operating within the sector; (ii) encourage local and foreign investment in renewable energy projects, including green hydrogen, to provide consumers with electricity in a safe, sufficient, reliable, and affordable manner; (iii) enhance the Authority's role in developing the sector. The Law represents a step toward enhancing efficiency in electricity use, ensuring fair distribution, and improving service quality for citizens. It also strengthens principles of transparency and good governance. Furthermore, it defines the activities of the electricity sector to include the establishment, ownership, or management of any of the following projects: power generation (including interconnected, non-interconnected, and self-generation), energy storage, transmission, transmission system operation, distribution, distribution system operation, and wholesale or retail supply. To practice any of the mentioned activities it a license is required. The Law sets out the responsabilities of the different actors in the sector as follows (i) the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources is responsible for developing the sector's general policy, representing the nationa interests in regional and international forums, encouraging local and foreign investment, taking necessary steps to secure additional power generation sources during shortages, and coordinating with the Council of Ministers to approve the transition from a single-buyer to a competitive electricity market; (ii) the Energy and Minerals Regulatory Commission (EMRC) is responsible for regulating competition in the sector to ensure efficiency and reasonable prices, overseeing licensees' financial and administrative activities, setting electricity tariffs and fees, approving energy meters, issuing energy source certificates, all while ensuring that licensees can cover their costs and earn a reasonable return on investment while providing reliable and economical service to consumers; (iii) the Board of Commissioners of Energy, Minerals Regulatory Commission is responsible for issuing licenses, setting standards and guidelines for the sector, establishing performance and safety criteria, and approving electricity tariffs, fees, and charges.
Subject to the license conditions, the wholesale supplier must buy electricity from licensed generators and sell it to retail suppliers and major consumers, conduct planning studies for future expansions, ensure sufficient generation reserves, provide electricity for storage, and perform any other necessary activities approved by the Authority.