Kenya National Adaptation Plan 2015-2030.

This National Adaptation Plan (NAP) is a nationwide sectoral document aiming to consolidate the country’s vision on adaptation supported by macro-level adaptation actions that relate with the economic sectors and county level vulnerabilities to enhance long term resilience and adaptive capacity. This NAP builds on the Adaptation Technical Analysis Report (ATAR) that provides a detailed analysis of sectors and vulnerabilities in the various counties, identified adaptation needs in various economic processes, and developed a long list of potential adaptation actions. To achieve the overall goal, the NAP identified the following strategic objectives (i) highlight the importance of adaptation and resilience building actions in development; (ii) integrate climate change adaptation into national and county level development planning and budgeting processes; (iii) enhance the resilience of public and private sector investment in the national transformation, economic and social and pillars of Vision 2030 to climate shocks; (iv) enhance synergies between adaptation and mitigation actions in order to attain a low carbon climate resilient economy; and (v) enhance resilience of vulnerable populations to climate shocks through adaptation and disaster risk reduction strategies. The proposed actions are meant to be implemented within a time-scale divided into (i) short term of 1-2 years; (ii) medium term of 3-5 years; and (iii) long term of more than 6 years and include the following sectors 1. devolution; 2. energy; 3. science, technology and innovations; 4. public sector reforms; 5. human resource development, labor and employment; 6. infrastructure; 7. land reforms; 8. education and training; 9. health; 10. environment; 11. water and sanitation; 12. population, urbanization and housing; 13. gender, vulnerable groups and youth; 14. tourism; 15. agriculture; 16. livestock development; 17. fisheries; private sector/trade, manufacturing, business process outsourcing, and financial services; and 18. oil and mineral resources.
To help eliminate hunger and food insecurity, the NAP focuses on increasing awareness on climate change impacts on the agriculture and livestock sectors that provide subsistence livelihoods, also by providing strategic livestock based food reserves.
In order to make agriculture, forestry and fisheries more productive and sustainable, main interventions will be directed to (i) promote indigenous knowledge on crops; (ii) increase awareness on climate change impacts on the agriculture value chain; (iii) mainstream climate change adaptation into agricultural extension; (iv) promote drought tolerant traditional high value crops, water harvesting for crop production and climate smart agriculture; (v) enhance conservation agriculture, agro-forestry, and integrated soil fertility management; (vi) promote the use of efficient irrigation systems; (vii) provide guidance and improve access to climate resilient tree species and cultivars and develop a forestry adaptation strategy; (viii) strengthen land use management systems including range-land management, fodder banks and strategic reserves; (ix) develop new feeds; (x) restore degraded grazing lands; (xi) enhance selection, breeding and management of animals to adapt to climate change; (xii) promote sustainable aquaculture initiatives; (xiii) implement a pilot project on climate resilient fish species and the related value chain; and (xiv) prevent over-fishing and unauthorized exploitation in the inland waters and Exclusive Economic Zone.
Rural poverty will be coped through (i) increasing small hydro-power and geothermal power generation plants to provide electricity to communities and businesses in the rural areas enabling job creation; and (ii) establishing affordable and accessible credit lines for poor people.
To enable more inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems, the NAP envisages to (i) promote livelihood diversification and market access (camels, indigenous poultry, beekeeping, rabbits, emerging livestock - quails, guinea fowls, ostriches etc.); (ii) enhance access to the youth and women enterprise funds; (iii) create awareness for climate opportunities that women and youth can access; and (iv) promote livelihood diversification for vulnerable groups in order to reduce rural-urban migration.
The resilience of livelihoods to disasters will be mainly enabled through (i) the promotion of locally available technologies in support of adaptation to climate change and facilitating the transfer of appropriate technologies to the most vulnerable; (ii) promotion of energy efficiency programs, also increasing the solar, wind and other renewable energy systems network; (iii) risk and vulnerability assessments of existing and upcoming infrastructure; (iv) building the capacity in climate change land use planning; (v) developing and implementing a public awareness mechanism on climate change adaptation; (vi) undertaking a climate vulnerability and risk assessment of the impacts of climate change and variability on human health and increasing public awareness and social mobilization on it; (vii) undertaking climate vulnerability and risk assessments on ecosystems and provide guidance on relevant adaptation actions; and (ix) promotion of technologies that enhance water resource efficiency.