National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2018 - 2022.

This National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2018-2022 is the second 5-year nationwide sectoral Plan to guide Kenya s climate change actions, including the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, built on the progress achieved during the implementation of NCCAP 2013-2017. The Plan also sets out initiatives that foster movement towards the achievement of Kenya s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), under the Paris Agreement, aiming at (i) greenhouse gas emission reductions of 30% by 2030; (ii) mainstreaming of climate change adaptation into the Government s planning processes; and (iii) implementation of adaptation actions. Main goal of the document is (i) providing mechanisms and measures to achieve low carbon climate resilient development; and (ii) enhance the climate resilience of vulnerable groups. Identified priority areas of intervention are (1) disaster risk (floods and drought) management; (2) food and nutrition security; (3) water and the Blue Economy; (4) forestry, wildlife and tourism; (5) health, sanitation and human settlements; (6) manufacturing; and (7) energy and transport. Main objectives of the Plan for each area are (i) reduce risks that result from climate-related disasters, such as droughts and floods, to communities and infrastructure; (ii) increase food and nutrition security through enhanced productivity and resilience of the agricultural systems, in as low-carbon a manner as possible; (iii) enhance the resilience of the water sector by ensuring access to, and efficient use of water for agriculture, manufacturing, domestic, wildlife, and other uses; (iv) increase forest cover to 10% of total land area, increase the resilience of the wildlife and tourism sectors, and rehabilitate degraded lands, including range lands; (v) reduce incidences of malaria and other diseases that are projected to increase because of climate change, encourage climate-resilient solid waste management, and promote climate resilient buildings and settlements; (vi) improve energy and resource efficiency in the manufacturing sector; and (vii) climate-proof energy and transport infrastructure, promote renewable energy development, increase the uptake of clean cooking solutions, and develop sustainable transport systems.
To help eliminate hunger and food insecurity, the Plan focuses on (i) implementation of Climate Smart Agriculture to improve crop productivity - together with an improved irrigation system - productivity in the livestock sector, and productivity in the fisheries; and (ii) food and nutritional supplements, such as school feeding programs.
In order to make agriculture and forestry more productive and sustainable, main actions aim to (i) increase annual per capita water availability through the development of water infrastructure and harvesting of flood water; (ii) promote farm forestry; (iii) increase the use of drought tolerant crops and crop diversification; (iv) promote such non-rainfed agricultural practices as greenhouse farming; (v) promote water efficiency (monitor, reduce, re-use, recycle and modelling); (vi) introduce drought-resistant breeds and adopt new animal husbandry techniques; (vii) develop fish farming; (viii) protect fish breeding sites; afforest and reforest degraded and deforested areas; (ix) reduce deforestation and forest degradation; and (x) promote sustainable timber production on privately-owned land.
Rural poverty will be mainly faced by promoting energy efficiency and encouraging transition to clean cooking to reduce demand for fuel-wood in rural areas through the use of alternative fuels and up-taking of clean biomass (charcoal and wood) cook-stoves, briquettes, and other clean cooking alternatives.
To enable more inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems, the document envisages (i) capacity development of Water Resources Users Associations (WRUA) with female and male membership; and (ii) increase gender responsive affordable water harvesting-based livelihood resilience programs.
To achieve resilience of livelihoods to disasters the Government needs to (i) improve ability to cope with droughts and floods through early warning systems, and water harvesting and storage; (ii) increase expertise to customize and manage satellite-generated vegetation condition index used for drought early warning and response; (iii) implement integrated flood management plans, for example, water storage, drainage networks, reforestation and rehabilitation of riparian areas, construction of dams, and land use restrictions; (iv) diversify livelihoods to adjust to a changing climate; (v) improve resilience of coastal communities; (vi) promote climate proof landfill sites; (vii) increase generation capacity for captive renewable energy and climate proofed energy infrastructure; (viii) develop an affordable, safe and efficient public transport; (ix) encourage low-carbon technologies in the aviation and maritime sectors; and (x) a climate proof transportation infrastructure.