National Strategy of sustainable development of Montenegro (2007).

This publication brought the National Strategy of sustainable development of Montenegro. This Strategy is based on the globally accepted principles of sustainable development, defined through the Rio Declaration and Agenda 21, Johannesburg Declaration and Implementation Plan, as well as on the principles of the UN Millennium Declaration. In the document Visions of Sustainable Development of Montenegro, these principles are summarized as follows: integration of environmental concerns into development policies; internalization of environmental costs (conversion of external costs of environmental degradation into internal costs of polluters/users) through the implementation of polluter/user pays principles; participation of all the stakeholders in the decision making, consultations, dialogue and partnerships; access to information and justice; equity among generations and equity within the same generation (including gender equality); the precautionary principle.
Topics covered and linked in this text are as follows: macro-economic developments; regional development and employment; transport; tourism; agriculture and rural development; energy; industry; new technologies; protection of biodiversity and conservation of natural values; air; soil; forests; environmental management system; spatial planning (also in relation to risks associated with natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods in particular); sea and coastal zones, including issues on fisheries, see Annexes of this publication; climate change and protection of the ozone layer; governance and public participation in decision-making; education; health care system; equity and social protection; culture and media; urban development; financing issues.
Four main goals of the Mediterranean Strategy for Sustainable Development are as follows: to contribute to economic development by enhancing Mediterranean assets; to reduce social disparities by implementing Millennium Development Goals and strengthen cultural identities; to change unsustainable production and consumption patterns and to ensure sustainable management of natural resources; to improve governance at the local, national and regional level. Also seven main priority areas are here identified as listed: better management of water resources and demand; improved rational use of energy, increased use of energy from renewable sources and mitigation of and adaptation to climate change; sustainable mobility through appropriate management in transport; sustainable tourism as a leading sector of the economy; sustainable agriculture and rural development; sustainable urban development; and sustainable management of the sea, coastal zone and marine resources.
The following general goals are listed: to accelerate economic growth and development, and to reduce regional development disparities; to reduce poverty; to ensure equitable access to services and resources; to ensure an efficient pollution control and reduction, and sustainable management of all natural resources; to improve governance system and public participation; to mobilize all stakeholders, and to build capacities at all levels; to preserve cultural diversity and identities.