Nigeria's first Nationally Determined Contribution to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change - 2021 update.

This Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, approved by the Federal Government, moves from the leadership role Nigeria has to play in delivering the aims of Paris Agreement throughout the African Continent. This updated version of the Nationally Determined Contribution includes fight against poverty, improving food security and emissions reduction from the waste sector, covers the water resources sector and mainstreams gender issue across all economy sectors. The content of this NDC includes: 1) introduction; 2) background on National context, priorities and vision; 3) achievement and progress, including: changes to emissions since 2010, implementation of old policies and measures; 4) adaptation priorities, background on impact of climate change in Nigeria and on the vulnerability of the Country, the role of nature-based solutions and of the water sector; 5) mitigation priorities, including current level of greenhouse gas emissions, targets of different sectors (energy, agriculture, forestry and land use, waste, industrial process, short-lived climate pollutants); 6) cross-cutting issues: gender inclusion, society, stakeholder and youth involvement, sub-national actions, green jobs and related measures; 7) financial support and capacity building.
This Contribution identifies seven core sectors in which climate change has a significant impact: 1) overall economy: the threats concern elimination of poverty and hunger and promotion of environmental sustainability; 2) agriculture and food security: the impact concerns agricultural productivity and the net import of vegetables; 3) water: variability in rainfall results in flooding or droughts and decrease of surface water resources; 4) soil erosion, which is increased by climate change related effects; 5) sea level, which is rising due to global warming and this aspect worsens the poor condition of the coastline’s population; 6) energy: the rising temperature results in increased energy demand for air conditioning, refrigeration and other household uses in a context of shortages of energy supply; 7) forests and other ecosystems, that are deeply affected by climate change, due to persistent flooding and water logging on the one hand, and intensification of desertification on the other.
Concerning the sectors where this Contribution mostly requires a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, 1) the energy sector has experienced encouraging development with significant investments made in transmission, the rise of use of renewable energy and a new service-based tariff that is cost reflective for customers; 2) the measures for agriculture, forestry and land use concern: climate smart agriculture, improvement of natural forest management, forest restoration, increasing in forest protection, reduced fuelwood harvest, protection and restoration of mangrove forest ecosystem; 3) actions and measures to mitigate emissions in waste sector concern: increasing legislation enforcement, increasing waste-to-wealth schemes nationwide, creation of a new waste management public private partnership; 4) actions and measures related to short-lived climate pollutants are: technical support to incorporate new targets for cooling efficiency, reduction in indirect greenhouse gas emissions through reduced electricity consumption and by accelerating transition to low-emissions refrigerant. In order to support and guide the adaptation of the mitigation measures, the Contribution promotes: 1) gender equality and social inclusion in the following sectors: agriculture, forestry and land use; food security and health; energy; waste management; water and sanitation; 2) youth involvement, with opportunities and job creation at both federal and state levels; 3) creation of green jobs and general increase in employment.