New Zealand’s Second Nationally Determined Contribution.

The document outlines New Zealand's second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement, focusing on an absolute economy wide emissions reduction target. The primary objective is to achieve a reduction of 51–55% below gross 2005 levels by 2035, contributing to the global effort to limit temperature increases to 1.5°C. The legal framework is established by the Climate Change Response Act, which enshrines a domestic emissions reduction target for 2050 and sets up a system of emissions budgets and reduction plans. The document emphasizes the importance of aligning domestic and international climate targets and policies. The NDC encompasses all sectors, including energy, industrial processes, agriculture, land use, and waste, covering all greenhouse gases. It highlights the need for targeted engagement and public input in setting the NDC target, with stakeholders advocating for a balance between ambition and feasibility. The document specifies that New Zealand will utilize cooperative approaches and market mechanisms to meet its commitments, while also considering the implications for trade and international reputation. The NDC is designed to align with New Zealand's third emissions budget and includes provisions for offshore mitigation if necessary. Implementation of the NDC will be guided by the Climate Change Commission, which will provide independent advice and monitor progress. The document outlines a timeline for emissions reduction plans, with the third emissions reduction plan due by 2030. It emphasizes the importance of public participation and engagement with local communities and indigenous peoples.