Law No.12 of 2019 on the Maritime Zones of the State of Qatar.

This Law consisting of 28 articles defines the following (i) baseline; (ii) internal waters; (iii) the territorial waters; (iv) innocent traffic; (v) contiguous zone; (vi) Exclusive Economic Zone; and (vii) continental shelf.
The Law states that (i) the entry of ships into and out of inland waters applies to the laws and regulations in force in the country; (ii) the territorial sea of the country extends twelve nautical miles towards the sea; (iii) the State’s sovereignty extends outside its terrestrial territory and inland waters to its territorial sea; (iv) the right to innocent passage in the regional sea of the State applies to all States, and the passage must be continuous and fast unless normal navigation conditions require stopping or landing, and it is not prejudicial to the peace, good order or security of the coastal State; (v) the State may temporarily and without discrimination discontinue the innocent passage of foreign ships in specific areas of its territorial sea if necessary to protect its security; (vi) foreign nuclear powered ships and submarines, or ships carrying nuclear material, dangerous or toxic materials, must obtain prior permission from the competent authorities; (vii) the State exercises the necessary control in the adjacent area; (viii) the state has in its exclusive economic zone exclusive sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring, exploiting and preserving its natural resources, jurisdiction with respect to protection and preservation of the marine environment, conducting and supervising marine scientific research, and establish, operate, and maintain artificial islands and installations; (ix) fishing in the EEZ is limited to the citizens of the State, and others are permitted only with permission from the competent authorities; (x) foreign ships may not undertake any military activities, hydro-graphic survey, maritime scientific research or any work related to the underwater cultural heritage in the EEZ without obtaining prior permission from the competent authorities; and (xi) the State exercises its sovereign rights on the continental shelf, including permission to dig and exploiting the underground.