National Adaptation Programme of Action

In order to offer an effective basis for urgent and immediate action to reduce the mounting risks of climate change on the nation s most vulnerable communities, the government of Sudan has adopted the national adaptation programme of action (NAPA) in 2007.
The overall goal of the NAPA process in Sudan has been to identify urgent and immediate activities to address climate variability and climate change within the context of the country s economic development priorities.
Specific objective are as follows: (i) widespread representation of local stakeholders in the NAPA consultation process, (ii) identification of comprehensive set of potential adaptation strategies, projects, and programmes, (iii) development of country-driven criteria to evaluate and prioritize adaptation measures, (iv) characterization of a set of urgent and immediate adaptation initiatives, (v) recommendation of a set of broader adaptation activities, including capacity building, policy reforms, and institution integration.
In order to make agriculture, forestry and fisheries more productive and sustainable, the NAPA plans to improve sustainable agricultural practices under increasing heat-stress in the River Nile State. The main goal of the proposed project is to reduce the vulnerability of farmers caused by the increase of temperature during the winter season. Within this broad goal, there are several major objectives as follows: (i) introduction of heat resistant plant varieties and intensification of growing season (winter, summer, autumn) in order to reduce dependency on a single season (winter) and diversification of grown crops in each season to reduce risk of mono-cropping, (ii) introduction of new economic crops such as sesame, sunflower, summer legumes, fodders etc , (iii) increase the cultivated area particularly in terrace area through improvement of irrigation, digging and cleaning of irrigation channels from the accumulated sand, (iv) digging of water pools (hafirs) and wells for domestic and animal uses, (v) training and improvement of abilities of farmers through establishment of demonstration farms in order to raise their awareness regarding how to act when conditions changed, (vi) establishment of rocky barriers to reduce wind speed and intensification of trees planting in villages and towns and along irrigation channels.
Regarding the reduction of rural poverty, the NAPA envisages to promote sustainable livelihoods in the Southern Equatorial State. Within these broad goals, the major objectives are as follows: (i) develop extension training programmes for proper water management as well as plants and livestock husbandry, (ii) introduction of fish species for additional nutrition of high protein and income generation, (iii) increase productivity and income generation of household and individuals by reducing the distances of fetching water as well as diseases.
To increase the resilience of livelihoods to disaster, the NAPA proposes a project of environmental conservation and biodiversity restoration. The main activities will include the following: (i) preservation of forests and establishment of grazing allotments, (ii) training of local people to manage their natural resources and to support the different activities of the project, (iii) management of rangeland using water-harvesting techniques, reseeding of rich and favorable species, (iv) establishment of nurseries, sand dunes fixation through planting of shelter belts and wind breaks, (v) introduction of renewable energy sources and provision of revolving fund, (vi) reduce the vulnerability of rangelands to climate change in the areas of Terekeka and Tali, (vii) mapping of the vulnerable fodder production areas in the region and identifying suitable sites for water harvesting technologies and (viii) development of local awareness of environmental challenges and tools/skills to meet those challenges.