National Action Plan for Health Security (NAPHS), 2018-2022, Sierra Leone.

This National Action Plan moves from the consideration that the country has experienced many disease emergencies, affecting human, animal and environmental health and resulting in losses and damage to agricultural productivity and food security. The Plan, using a One Health approach, guides the implementation of activities for progress towards attainment of International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 core capacities required for enhancing global health security. This Plan, following suggestions from stakeholders and external evaluators, provides for: improving coordination and collaboration between human and animal health laboratory systems, and human resources capacity for the detection and response to chemical and radiation hazards; preventing the likelihood and reducing the consequences of disease outbreaks and other public health hazards; building national capacities for early detection and effective response to public health emergencies and other events of public health concern; fostering all-sector partnerships for effective prevention, detection and response to public health emergencies; establishing a sustainable financing strategy for the achievement of national health security. The Plan is structured as follows: 1) Background, including: country profile and health structure; International Health Regulations; external evaluators and complementary assessments. 2) Vision, mission, objectives, guiding principles and core values of the Action Plan. 3) Methodology and process for the development of the Action Plan. 4) Cost analysis and financing of National Action Plan. 5) Delivery of the Action Plan, including: roles and responsibilities of stakeholders; coordination mechanism; monitoring and evaluation. 6) Annexes.
In order to accomplish its goal of a country safe from health and economic consequences of public health hazards and provided with a health system able to prevent, detect and respond to public health threats, this National Plan sets out objectives and strategic actions: realisation of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) detection system; development of Regulations for antibiotic use in animals, agriculture and fisheries; ensure rapid response to food safety emergencies and outbreaks of food-borne diseases; put in place a biosafety and biosecurity system for human, animal and agricultural facilities; increase immunisation of animals and humans and strengthening national vaccine access and delivery; development and implementation of public health emergency response plan and a risk assessment mapping; establishment of a national chemical surveillance and response system, with environmental impact assessment.