National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2015-2020 (NBSAP II).

The aim of this Strategy is to make the diagnosis of the status of biological diversity in STP, and identify appropriate measures for their conservation and sustainable use. It also aims to incorporate, in the policies and development programmes, measures for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and the fair and equitable sharing of biological resources for the benefit of all STP people and the CBD Parties. The agrarian ecosystems are a very diverse mosaic of natural habitats, used mainly for agriculture and livestock, from where an important part of the population gets its income, which thus becomes the fundamental basis to fight poverty (3.2).
Until 2020, STP should strengthen the institutional and human capacities in order to promote diversified economic development, which will contribute to the conservation of biodiversity, thus combining socioeconomic development of communities with the preservation and conservation of biodiversity, in a sustainable way. To support this vision, the strategy also specifies actions corresponding to the three fundamental objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity: Conservation of biological diversity, at all levels (genes, species and ecosystems); Sustainable use of biological resources; Fair and equitable sharing of benefits generated by the use of resources. A ranking of each of the above objectives gave rise to the following sub-objectives: For the conservation of biological diversity: Strengthening in-situ conservation; Strengthening ex-situ conservation; Raise awareness, training and organization; Standardization of information on existing projects. For the sustainable use of biological resources: The valuation of biodiversity; Awareness, education and communication; Make known to preserve; National legislation and supervision on the use of natural resources. To the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of biological resources: Strengthening the institutional and legal framework; The implementation of mechanisms for access and fair and equitable sharing of biological resources, at national and international level.
Given these objectives, five strategic areas were identified. These are the different approaches and forms of intervention that will be implemented to address the problems identified at the time of diagnosis of the situation, analysed and reconfirmed, in a participatory manner, at the “national validation workshop”. These strategic areas are: Conservation of marine and coastal ecosystems; Conservation of the inland waters ecosystems; Conservation of the forest ecosystems; Conservation of the agrarian ecosystems, and; Strengthening the institutional, legal and socioeconomic framework, that will intervene as a crosscutting issue in all areas.
Table 3 shows the progress on pursuing the Aichi Biodiversity Targets 2010: Strategic objective A: Address the root causes of biodiversity loss, approaching biodiversity together with the government and society (Goals 1 to 4); Strategic objective B: Reduce direct pressures on biodiversity and promote its sustainable use (5 to 10); Strategic objective C: Improve the status of biodiversity by protecting ecosystems, species and genetic diversity (11 to 13); Strategic objective D: Increase the benefits of biodiversity and ecosystem services for everyone (14 to 16); Strategic objective E: Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge, management and training (17 to 20).