National Sanitation and Hygiene Policy 2019.

National Sanitation and Hygiene Policy 2019 has as general objective to ensure sustainable and affordable access to safe sanitation and hygiene services for all as a contribution to poverty reduction, public health, economic and environmental protection. Ten specific objectives are also identified: (1) Facilitate, promote and regulate the participation of actors who will raise household sanitation coverage to 100%. (2) Implement and sustain improved sanitation for schools, health care facilities and other public institutions and locations. (3) Promote, regulate and enforce access to improved sanitation facilities in every work place and public/private gatherings. (4) Facilitate, support and regulate safe wastewater management from industrial origin. (5) Implement and sustain safe, well-regulated and affordable collective off-site sanitation services (sewerage and sludge collection, treatment and disposal), and promote recycling and reuse. (6) Promote hygiene behaviour change and change of social norm. (7) Ensure efficient monitoring and evaluation of the sanitation and hygiene sector performance. (8) Align resources and optimize leverage of public financing. (9) Enact and update laws, regulations and standards, for all levels of the Eswatini society, in order to protect public health. (10) Develop the sector’s institutional and capacity building framework
A strong focus is also given to the development of innovative climate resilient technologies and approaches. When technically possible, the following measures should be systematically applied: Minimization of water use and reuse of treated water at all levels will contribute to sustainable management of natural water resources. It concerns industries, households, institutions, businesses, hotels, restaurants, WWTPs, etc; Reuse of mineralized sludge and urine in agriculture will reduce the need in imported fertilizers, hence reducing transport. Combined with the waste reduction, it will contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions; Energy optimization by promoting the use of low energy demand technologies will reduce the country carbon foot print. Electrical appliances shall be the last choice in sanitation infrastructure, such as WWTP; Selection of robust technologies will increase resilience to climate change adverse effects.