Labour Code.

The Labour Code constitutes the principal legal framework regulating labour relations in the country. Its core objectives are to guarantee constitutional labour rights, create safe and fair working conditions, and balance the interests of employees and employers. The Code applies to all labour relations arising from employment contracts on the national territory, including those involving foreign citizens and stateless persons, unless otherwise provided by law or international treaties. It establishes fundamental principles such as non-discrimination, prohibition of forced labour, freedom of choice of employment, and state guarantees for minimum labour standards.
The Code comprehensively regulates the lifecycle of employment relationships, covering the conclusion, modification, and termination of labour contracts. It defines the rights and obligations of workers and employers, sets rules on working time, rest periods, paid and social leave, and establishes detailed provisions on wages, overtime, and compensation. Special protections are provided for vulnerable categories, including women, minors, persons with disabilities, and other groups with family or social responsibilities. Extensive norms govern occupational safety and health, imposing strict obligations on employers to ensure safe workplaces, prevent industrial accidents, and provide medical supervision and protective equipment.
In addition, the Labour Code institutionalizes mechanisms of social partnership, collective bargaining, and the resolution of individual and collective labour disputes, with an important role assigned to trade unions. It regulates disciplinary liability, material responsibility of both parties, professional training and certification, and labour law enforcement through state oversight. The Code also establishes liability for violations of labour legislation and guarantees judicial protection of labour rights. Overall, it provides a unified and detailed system aimed at protecting workers, ensuring legal certainty in employment relations, and supporting stable social and economic development in the country.