National Climate Change Strategy 2012 - 2018.

This National Climate Change Strategy is a nationwide sectoral document aiming at enabling Tanzania to effectively adapt to climate change, mitigate GHG emissions, and participate in global efforts to mitigate climate change with a view to achieving sustainable development, in line with broader national and sectoral policies. In particular, it is expected (i) to reduce vulnerability and enhance resilience to the impacts of climate change; (ii) improve the energy availability; (iii) reduce deforestation; (iv) improve energy diversification and efficiency, including, power generation, manufacturing, and transportation; and (v) enhance the technical, institutional and individual capacity of the country to address the impacts of climate change. To achieve the main goal, the following additional specific objectives have been set out (i) enhance resilience of ecosystems to the challenges posed by climate change; (ii) enhance participation in climate change mitigation activities that lead to sustainable development; (iii) enhance public awareness; (iv) enhance information management; (v) put in place a better institutional arrangement; and (vi) mobilize resources including finance to adequately address climate change. The Strategy covers adaptation, mitigation and cross-cutting interventions.
The Strategy includes coordination, resource mobilization and implementation plan, indicating the roles of the various actors.
To help eliminate hunger and food insecurity the Strategy interventions are (i) identify suitable crops for new agro-ecological zones; (ii) promote appropriate agricultural practices that increase resilience to climate change; and (iii) promote use of appropriate technologies for production, processing, storage and distribution.
Adaptation measures for a more sustainable development are set out for different sectors, as follows: 1) Forestry (i) use of less known tree species; (ii) use of non-timber materials and non-wood construction materials; (iii) control of forest fire, disease and pest breakout; (iv) conservation of forests biodiversity and control of invasive species; (iv) establishment of woodlots; and (v) decentralization of forest management. 2) Agriculture (i) crop vulnerability and suitability assessment for different agro-ecological zones; (ii) appropriate irrigation systems; (iii) early maturing, drought tolerant crops, and use of pest/disease tolerant varieties; (iv) integrated pest management techniques; and (v) early warning systems for pest surveillance. 3) Livestock (i) improved traditional livestock keeping system; (ii) development of livestock infrastructure and services; (iii) weather forecast information sharing for pastoralists. 4) Fisheries (i) conservation of aquatic ecosystems; (ii) monitoring of fisheries habitat and species; (iii) integrated data management system in the fisheries sector; and (iv) aquaculture development.
To enable more inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems, the Strategy envisages (i) to strengthen community based forest management best practices; (ii) enhance agro-infrastructural (input, output, marketing, storage) systems; (iii) strengthen weather forecast information sharing for farmers; (iv) strengthen post-harvest processes and promote value addition; (v) promote development of livestock insurance strategy; (vi) integrate gender and vulnerable groups related issues into climate change initiatives and promote equity in benefit sharing of opportunities arising from climate change adaptation and mitigation.
The resilience of livelihoods to disasters shall be increased in all the following sectors through adaptation measures (i) Water, to ensure water quality, availability and accessibility in a changing climate; (ii) Coastal and marine environment, to be protected from the impacts of climate change; (iii) Forestry, to enhance their climate change resilience for continued supply of the ecosystems goods and services; (iv) Wildlife, promoting appropriate methods for conservation of climate change threatened species; (v) Human health, to reduce proliferation of infectious diseases and occupational health risks; (vi) Tourism, building adaptive capacity of the tourism industry; (vii) Energy, by promoting and improving use of alternative energy sources (clean coal for energy generation energy efficient technologies, energy plantations to reduce pressure on catchment natural forests); (viii) Industry, to build a diversified and resilient industrial sector; (ix) Livestock, by promoting climate change resilient livestock farming practices; (x) Fisheries, mainstreaming climate change issues into the fisheries sector; and (xi) Infrastructure, to develop a system that is resilient to climate change and mainstream climate change issue into rural and urban planning and promote use of appropriate building materials adaptive to climate change.
The document also highlights a number of mitigation measures in different sectors in order to reduce GHG emissions, mainly (i) Energy, through promotion of low carbon technologies and a sustainable production and use of coal; (ii) Industry, through strengthening policy guidance concerning energy conservation and efficient utilization; (iii) Livestock, such as appropriate technology for animal feed stuff production and waste management in abattoir; (iv) Transport, through low-emission/non-motorized transport systems; (v) Mining, to ensure that is conducted in a safe, sustainable and environmentally-sound manner; (vi) Waste management, through application of sanitary landfills, wastewater management, and energy generation form municipal wastes; (vii) Forestry, promoting afforestation and reforestation, conservation of carbon stocks; and (viii) Agriculture, promoting agro-forestry, management of agricultural wastes, efficient fertilizer utilization, and best agronomic practices technologies.