National Compact Strategies and Action Plan to implement Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources in Tanzania.

The National Compact Strategies and Action Plan (NCSAP) for Tanzania is a comprehensive document designed to direct the execution of the Global Plan of Action (GPA) for Animal Genetic Resources throughout the country. To assist nations in mitigating biodiversity threats and adhering to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the FAO has formulated Primary Guidelines for national animal genetic resources (AnGR) management plans. The Global Strategy serves as a policy framework, and FAO provides support to countries in effectively managing AnGR. Recognizing the significance of conserving at-risk species while maximizing economic benefits, the National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) for Animal Genetic Resources plays a pivotal role in this context. The NCSAP will provide guidance in the implementation of the livestock development policy in the country at the same time giving due consideration to conservation and sustainable utilization of AnGR. The overall goal is to guide conservation and sustainable utilization of AnGR and its contribution to the livelihoods of the people in Tanzania and the national economy at large. The specific strategic objectives outlined in the document are (i) carry out a comprehensive inventory, characterization and monitoring of trends and associated risks of livestock breeds for all species existing in the country, including their production systems; (ii) promote sustainable use of AnGR through adoption of modern technologies and indigenous knowledge; (iii) develop a comprehensive framework and ensure conservation of AnGR; (iv) influence policy and strengthen institutions capacity in terms of technical and infrastructure.
Despite their modest productivity, indigenous livestock possess valuable resistance and resilience traits that enhance their adaptability to local environments. Establishing national strategies for the characterization, inventory, conservation, and sustainable use of Tanzanian animal genetic resources is crucial. The outlined Strategic Priority Areas (SPAs) for implementing the National Strategy and Action Plan (NSAP) for Animal Genetic Resources include: (i) characterizing existing breeds and monitoring trends, encompassing population assessment and monitoring of at-risk breeds; (ii) promoting sustainable use and development through modern technologies and breed societies; (iii) implementing conservation systems with in-situ and ex-situ programs, national gene banks, and conservation guidelines; and (iv) building an institutional framework, including policy inventory, capacity building, and the creation of a management platform for AnGR.