Land Law No. 31/2024/QH15.

This Law prescribes for the land ownership regime, powers and responsibilities of the State in representing the entire-people ownership of land and uniformly managing land, the land management and use regime, and the rights and obligations of citizens and land users with respect to land within the territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
The Law includes 260 Articles divided into 16 Chapters: General Provisions (I); Rights and Responsibilities of the State over Land, Rights and Obligations Of Citizens Toward Land (II); Rights and Obligations Of Land Users (III); Administrative Unit Boundaries and Base Basic Investigation on Land (IV); Land Use Master Plans and Plans (V); Recovery, Land Requisition (VI); Compensation, Support, Resettlement When the State Recoveres Land (VII); Development, Management and Exploitation of Land Fund (VIII); Land Allocation, Land Lease and Change of Land Use Purpose (IX); Land Registration, Grant of Certificates of Land Use Rights and Ownership of Land-Attached Assets (X); Land Finance and Land Price (XI); National Land Information System and National Land Database (XII); Land Use Regime (XIII); Land-Related Administrative Procedures (XIV); Supervision, Monitoring and Evaluation of Land Management and Use; Supervision, Inspection, Audit; Settlement of Disputes, Complaints, Denunciations and Handling of Violations of Land Law (XIV); Implementation Provisions (XVI).
The land is owned by the entire people, and the State grants land use rights to land users according to the provisions of this Law( art. 12). Article 5 of the Law provides for the principles of land use: 1. Correct land use purpose; 2. Sustainable, economical, effective for land and resources on the surface and underground; 3. Protecting the soil, protecting the environment, adapting to climate change, not abusing pesticides or chemical fertilizers to pollute and degrade the land; 4. Exercising the rights and obligations of land users during the land use term according to the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws; not violating the legitimate rights and interests of adjacent and surrounding land users. Article 60 sets up the principles of land use planning, including: economical and effective use of land; rational exploitation of natural resources and environmental protection; adapting to climate change; ensuring national food security and forest coverage; preserving, embellishing and promoting the value of historical-cultural relics and scenic spots; the content of land use planning must combine land use criteria associated with space, land use zoning, and natural ecosystems; etc.
The State shall prescribe the principles and methods of land valuation, issue land price tables, and decide on specific land prices (Art. 13). The Law also regulates mechanisms to encourage the accumulation and concentration of agricultural land to serve large-scale production and improve land use efficiency. Economic organizations and individuals implementing the concentration of agricultural land shall be responsible for preparing land use plans and sending them to the commune-level People's Committee for monitoring.
Article 182 deals with land for rice cultivation, including the environmental protection measures for rice cultivation land. Article 184 copes with production forest land, including its allocation and use. Article 188 provides for the allocation, leasing, and use of land covered by ponds, lakes, and lagoons for aquaculture and agricultural purposes. Article 189 covers coastal water-covered land, focusing on its allocation and lease while ensuring environmental protection. In addition, the Law makes provisions, inter alia, for: protective forest land; land with historical-cultural monuments, famous landscapes, sights, and natural heritage; etc.