South Africa's second National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks II).

This National Plan is the result of the review process conducted by an international panel of experts appointed by the Minster in 2020, which identified areas where improvements were needed and elaborated five priorities: 1) more effective communication and coordination; (2) development of measurable indicators to track the progress and completion of actions; (3) recognition of ecosystem effects of fishing and the need for spatial management; (4) a stronger focus on illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing; and (5) improvement and modernisation of data collection, capture, storage and integration. The action identified by this National Plan of Action have measurable goals and are assigned to specific Chief Directorates within the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment, responsible for their implementation, in partnership with other entities, in order to strengthen South Africa role as a leader among developing countries in the conservation and management of marine resources.
The National Plan defines the following relevant terms: biodiversity; biomass; by-catch; collapse, as reduction of a stock abundance; conservation of natural resources; demersal fish; directed fishery; ecotourism; finning; fishing effort; habitat; highly migratory species; joint product; longline; management; migratory species; non-consumptive use; non-detriment finding; pelagic; precautionary approach; rational use; sharks; stakeholder; stock; sustainable use. The National Plan is structured as follows: status and progress related to shark fishing in the country; shark fisheries; markets; bather protection; spatial management; internal review of NPOA-Sharks I; Shark expert panel review; action and goals for the next five years, including: sustainable management across all fisheries; management of ecosystem threats related to fishing; education and awareness.