State Borders Act (1994)

This Act provides for the definition of the Estonian state border, the determination and marking of the location of the state border, the border regime, and the liability for violation of the border regime and illegal crossing of the state border. Regulation (EC) No 562/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Community Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders (Schengen Borders Code) (OJ L 105, 13.04.2006, pp. 1–32) shall be applied to crossing of the internal borders between the Member States of the European Union and the external borders of the European Union. This Act shall be applied to the extent not regulated by the Schengen Borders Code. The Act further provides for Estonian territorial waters and inland waters and airspace. The Estonian territorial sea is deemed to be the Estonian territorial waters. The sovereignty of the Republic of Estonia extends to the bottom of the territorial waters and the earth’s crust below it. The Estonian airspace is the airspace above the territory, territorial waters and inland waters of Estonia and above the parts of transboundary water bodies which belong to Estonia. For the purposes of this Act, a transboundary water body is a river, lake or artificial water body along which the state border runs.