National Action Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance 2026-2030.

The National Action Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance is a national policy with a multi-sectoral approach. The timeframe of this action plan is 5 years covering the period from 2026 to 2030. The main goals of this action plan are as follows: (I) to strengthen coordination and cooperation among stakeholders in antimicrobial resistance control efforts; (II) to strengthen national antimicrobial resistance surveillance networks; (III) to strengthen national antibiotic consumption surveillance; (IV) to strengthen infection prevention and control processes; (V) to strengthen antimicrobial governance efforts; (VI) to control antimicrobial use and manage antimicrobial resistance in animal health and control and manage pesticide use in plant health; (VII) to encourage research into the development of new antimicrobial drugs, vaccines, and rapid diagnostic kits, and keep up-to-date with new diagnostic tests; (VIII) to increase awareness of antimicrobial resistance development and rational antimicrobial use; (IX) to conduct national-level risk assessment, legislative regulation and wastewater management improvements to reduce the environmental spread of antimicrobial resistance.
This Action Plan is based on one-health approach that considers human, animal, plant and environmental health together, recognizing that the fight against antimicrobial resistance is not limited to the health sector alone. It lays down national targets to strengthen national capacity, promote rational antimicrobial use, enhance infection prevention and control measures, improve surveillance systems, integrate health technologies into antimicrobial governance processes, and raise public awareness. It promotes the establishment of a National Antimicrobial Resistance Coordination Board with the participation of key stakeholders to coordinate activities related to antimicrobial use policies and resistance development monitoring. Multi-stakeholder annual evaluation meetings will be held with national and international participation, including FAO and WHO, and the transfer of knowledge/experience will be presented to the National Antimicrobial Resistance Coordination Board. The national antimicrobial resistance surveillance networks will be strengthened by strengthening national surveillance networks for human antimicrobial resistance, ensuring standardization in antimicrobial susceptibility testing in medical microbiology laboratories and strengthening the necessary infrastructure.
The national antibiotic consumption surveillance will be strengthened by strengthening surveillance of antibiotic prescribing and consumption in the field of human health. The infection prevention and control processes will be strengthened through the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections; efforts to achieve WHO targets in immunization programs; the procurement of antimicrobials according to the AWaRe classification for use in primary healthcare settings and hospitals; and rational laboratory use practices. The antimicrobial governance efforts will be strengthened by planning and updating antimicrobial governance practices to be implemented at all levels of healthcare services in line with antimicrobial usage statistics and ensuring the integration of health technologies into antimicrobial governance efforts.
This Action Plan gives emphasis on the control of pesticide use in plants and the development of antimicrobial resistance in animals and food, prevention of antimicrobial resistance, and strengthening of antimicrobial resistance surveillance. This will be achieved through the coordination with national and international partners; monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in animal health and/or foods of animal origin; effective planning for the control of diseases and pests that threaten animal, plant health and public health; monitoring and rational use of antimicrobials in animal health and pesticides in plant health. Public awareness will be raised on the rational antibiotic use and the identification, monitoring, and management of environmental antimicrobial resistance risks. Wastewater management will be improved by identifying sectors at risk of antimicrobial resistance, conducting sustainable wastewater surveillance, monitoring antimicrobial resistance bacteria and genes in samples, and creating risk maps. Water resource monitoring programs will be established to control antimicrobial waste from agriculture and livestock.