Genetically Modified Organisms.

The purpose of this Act is to contain the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), the deliberate release of GMOs into the environment, the placing on the market of a GMO or of a combination of GMOs, the transfer of GMOs and the import, export and transit of GMOs in order to protect human health and the environment The Act consists of 143 articles divided into 8 Chapters: General provisions (I); Competent authorities (II); Contained use of GMOs (III); Procedure for deliberate release of GMOs into the environment and placing in the market of a GMO or of a combination of GMOs as or in products (IV); Import, export, Transit and unintentional transboundary movement of GMOs (V); Confidential information (VI); Control (VII); Coercive administrative measures and administrative penalty provisions (VIII). The Minister of Environment and Water and the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry shall conduct the state policy in the sphere of GMOs and shall coordinate the activity of the control authorities. Contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms, plants and animals are classified in classes as described in arts. 18 to 20. Contained use of GMOs shall be carried out in premises registered at the Ministry of Environment and Water (arts. 23 to 28). An assessment of the risk on short-term and long-term effects on human health and the environment shall be carried out and an authorization shall be obtained before the deliberate release of GMOs into the environment and the placing of GMOs on the market. Articles 79 to 82 specify which GMOs are prohibited to be released.