National Action Plan to Contain Antimicrobial Resistance (2016-2020).

National Action Plan to Contain Antimicrobial Resistance (2016-2020) is a cross-sectoral policy document. The National Action Plan aims to establish comprehensive management strategies and measures on the national level for the overall implementation of strengthening the supervision of antimicrobial research and development, production, circulation, use and environmental protection, promoting advocacy and education, and international exchanges and cooperation.
In order to deal with the challenge of antimicrobial resistance, the National Action Plan sets up the goals to be achieved by 2020. Main goals include: 1.The proportion of sales with prescription of antibacterial agents in retail pharmacies will be basically realized in whole country with full-coverage. The proportion of sales with veterinary prescription of antibacterial agents in animal sector will be realized in 50% in Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). 2.To optimize the surveillance networks of antibacterial agents consumption and antimicrobial resistance in both healthcare and food animal sectors; to set up reference laboratories of antimicrobial resistance and bacterial strain banks; to establish evaluation system for antimicrobials use and antimicrobial resistance control in healthcare system and animal husbandry. 3. To effectively control the increasing trend of the main antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in healthcare system. 4.The antimicrobials shared by humans and animals or easily producing cross-resistance should be gradually withdrawn from the market of animal growth promoters. To effectively control the increasing trend of the main animal origin antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. 5.To develop and implement educational efforts to ensure that medical staff, veterinarians and animal producers receive information and training of rational use of antibacterial agents. To implement education and training about rational use of antibacterial agents in primary and secondary schools. Considering that antimicrobial resistance brings increasing biosecurity threats, worsens environmental pollution, the National Action Plan sets up actions to exploit advantages of joint prevention and control. State Drug & Food Administrative and its subordinate organizations enhance the management of drug approval, production and circulation, particularly strengthen the regulation of antimicrobials sales with prescription in retail pharmacies. Ministry of Agriculture and its subordinate organizations strengthen the regulation of producing, sale and usage of antibacterial agents in animal sector to decrease veterinary antimicrobial resistance; Ministry of Land & Resources and its subordinate organizations enhance capacity building of environmental surveillance of antibacterial agents in soil; Ministry of Environmental Protection and its subordinate organizations strengthen the prevention and control of environmental contamination, law enforcement, and capacity building of environmental surveillance associating with antibacterial agents, and stimulate the setup of the evaluation system for the indicators of antibacterial drug contamination. The pre-market approval of antibacterial agents will be stringent, the assessment of antimicrobial-caused environmental hazards shall be conducted for the registration of medicine, veterinary drugs and fertilizers. In terms of strengthening the construction of antibacterial agent application and antimicrobial resistance control system, actions are proposed, which include: To strengthen the supervision and management of veterinary antibacterial agents. To formulate the application guidelines and administrative regulations of veterinary antibacterial drugs, and timely revise application specifications of animal feed additives and banned drug list. To implement veterinary drug classification management system and practice system of veterinary antibacterial agents sales with prescription. To strictly manage various sale channels of raw antibacterial drugs. To implement clean animal breeding, strengthen animal farm sanitation management, improve the animal breeding manner and guarantee animal health. To strengthen the management of animal feed additives, reduce preventive use of sub-therapeutic concentration antimicrobials, forbid husbandry use of important human antibacterial agents, intensify risk assessment of veterinary antibacterial agents, and speed up the elimination of high-risk drugs. To establish the classification schemes of human and veterinary antibacterial drugs to define different types of antibacterial drugs, and classify the levels of these agents on the basis of drug importance, cross resistance and clinical application.