Law on land (No. I-446).

This Law regulates land ownership, possession, use, management, and administration within the national territory, the exclusive economic zone, and the continental shelf. The law establishes the objectives of land administration, including rational land use, support for economic activity, protection of the natural environment and cultural heritage, and safeguarding ownership and use rights. It also defines key legal concepts such as land parcels, land use categories, servitudes, land consolidation, land management projects, public infrastructure, state supervision of land use, and expropriation for public needs.
The law classifies the national land fund into agricultural, forestry, water management, conservation, and other-purpose land. It regulates private land ownership and specifies categories of land owned exclusively by the State, including certain transport, coastal, protected, forest, water, port, and border areas. The law establishes the framework for the management of state land by the National Land Service, municipalities, and other authorized entities, including the transfer of state land under trust rights, the allocation of land for public functions, infrastructure, investment projects, and other state purposes, as well as rules governing the monitoring and termination of such rights.
The law further governs the allocation, lease, and gratuitous use of state land. It identifies competent authorities, conditions for leasing through auctions or directly, lease durations, registration requirements, rental fees, and circumstances allowing non-auction leases, including for existing buildings, public-interest projects, infrastructure development, energy communities, aquaculture, and investment projects. The law also establishes obligations of land users and tenants, procedures for contract supervision and termination, conditions related to land-use changes, compensation mechanisms, and measures ensuring compliance with land-use and land-administration requirements.