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UN regional group
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Year
Ambient Air Quality Standards
- In a legislative or legislatively empowered instrument
Responsibility for air quality standards
- National government
- State/provincial government
- Local government
- Shared responsibility
Indoor Air Quality Standards
- Yes
Type of instrument
- Primary legislation
- Other primary legislation
- Secondary legislation
- Policy linked to the legislative framework
- More than one
Nature of legal obligations
- Duty to meet AAQS (Binding legislative obligation on the state)
- Duty to take BPM to meet standard
- Escalating duty to take action (if AQ worsens)
- Duty to report to public authority
- Duty to plan for achieving AAQS
- Emergency planning requirements for dangerous AQ levels
Exceedances
- Generally allowed exceedances
- Other allowed exceedances (emergency reasons/natural events)
Compliance with WHO Air Quality Guidelines (2005)
-
PM2.5 (10 μg/m3 annual mean 25 μg/m3 24-hour mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.
- PM10 (20 μg/m3 annual mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- PM10 (50 μg/m3 24-hour mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- Ozone (100 μg/m3 8-hour mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- NO2 (40 μg/m3 annual mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- NO2 (200 μg/m3 1-hour mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- SO2 (20 μg/m3 24-hour mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- SO2 (500 μg/m3 10-minute mean)
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.- Newly acknowledged pollutants
The WHO Air quality guidelines are a set of evidence-based recommendations of limit values for specific air pollutants developed to help countries achieve air quality that protects public health. The first release of the guidelines was in 1987. Since then, several updated versions have appeared. This toolkit currently assesses countries against the 2005 guideline values (see here). The guidelines were updated more recently in 2021 (see here) and the legislation and policies presented in this toolkit will in the future be reassessed against these updated values.Legal requirement to monitor
Procedural and substantive rights
- Public right to air quality data (including general right to environmental information)
- Legal right to participate in setting AAQS in legislation
- Legal right to participate in devising air quality plans or actions in legislation
- Legal rights of access to justice (linked directly to air quality framework)
Legal coordination of policy to achieve AAQS
- Legal link between air quality standards and decision-making on projects
- Legally mandated policy coordination for air quality
Enforcement mechanisms
- Criminal
- Civil
- Administrative
- Bespoke enforcement mechanism
- Multi-level governance mechanism (eg EU Commission)
Provisions for transboundary air pollution
- Yes
Showing 1 - 10 of 74 resultsLegislation | 2024 |Directive on Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe
European UnionEuropean Union Directive on Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe Directive 2881 of 2024 Published in Official Journal of the European Union on 20 November 2024 There are multiple commencements Provisions Status Chapter I, article 1, paragraph 1–3; article 3–4, paragraph 1–5, subparagraph (a)–(i); paragraph (2); paragraph (7); paragraph (9); paragraph (14)–(16); paragraph (18); paragraph...Air protection act no. 146/2023.| 2023 |Legislation
SlovakiaThe aim of air protection is to achieve and maintain air quality that does not have a significant negative impact on human health and is not a risk to the environment and ecosystems. This Act regulates: (a) monitoring and assessment of air quality and the impact of air pollution on ecosystems; (b) informing the public about air quality, the impact of air pollution on public health and ecosystems;...
KeywordsAir pollution, PM2.5, PM10, Concentration-based standards, Air quality, Zones, Zoning, Concentrations, Air quality monitoring, Fixed point sources, Public health, Pollutants, Compliance, Nitrogen dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, Sulphur dioxide, Ammonia, Permitting, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Nitrogen monoxideLey Nº 150 - Ley del Sistema de los Recursos Naturales y el Medio Ambiente.| 2023 |Legislation
CubaLa presente Ley establece los principios y las normas básicas que regulan las acciones del Estado, de los ciudadanos y de la sociedad en general para asegurar la implementación y el funcionamiento del Sistema de los recursos naturales y el medio ambiente, que incluye las interacciones sociales que fortalezcan la protección y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales y del medio ambiente, condición...
National technical regulation on ambient air quality (QCVN 05: 2023/BTNMT)| 2023 |Regulation
Viet NamKeywordsCarbon monoxide, Legislation, PM10, Air quality, PM2.5, Ambient air, Sulphur dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide, Benzene, Ammonia, Ozone, Particulate matterAmbient Air Quality Standards Regulations 2022 (S.I. No. 739/2022)| 2022 |Regulation
IrelandThese Regulations, for the purpose of giving effect to Council Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008: establish limit values and, as appropriate, alert thresholds for concentrations of certain pollutants in ambient air intended to avoid, prevent or reduce harmful effects on human health and the environment as a whole; provide for the assessment of...
KeywordsAir quality monitoring, Ambient air, Concentrations, Air quality, Zones, Zoning, Pollutants, Monitoring stations, Legislation, Ozone, Agglomerations, Concentration-based standards, Future standards, Nitrogen dioxide, Particulate matter, Alert thresholds, PM2.5, Sulphur dioxide, Ambient air quality standards, Benzene, Carbon monoxide, Compliance, Air quality plans, Allowed exceedances, Air pollution, Data quality, PM10, National emissions ceilings, Permitting, Volatile organic compounds, Vulnerable groupsGovernment Regulation no. 22 of 2021 on Environmental Protection, Organisation and Management.| 2021 |Regulation
IndonesiaThis Government Regulation, consisting of 534 articles, implements the provision of articles 22 and 185 letter b, of the Act no. 11 of 2020 regarding job creation, and concerns and regulates all aspects related to implementation of environmental protection and management. The Regulation defines the following relevant terms: living environment; environmental protection and management; environmental...
National Environmental (Air Quality Control) Regulations, Statutory Instrument no. 88 of 2021.| 2021 |Regulation
NigeriaThese Regulations, made under provisions of section 34 of the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (Establishment) Act, no. 25 of 2007, provide for: improving air quality control, in order to enhance the protection of flora and fauna, human health, and other natural resources; ensuring all the citizens the right to clean air, and to benefit from all the natural...
KeywordsLegislation, Air quality, Concentrations, Enforcement, Air pollution, Pollutants, Ambient air, Fixed point sources, Pollution abatement technologies, Environmental impact assessments, Indoor air pollution, Mobile point sources, Ambient air quality standards, OzoneResolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of January 28, 2021 No. 2 "On approval of sanitary rules and regulations SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 "Hygienic standards and requirements for ensuring the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors for humans"| 2021 |Regulation
Russian FederationDecree on air pollutant levels.| 2020 |Regulation
CroatiaThis Decree prescribes limit values and target values for individual air pollutants, long-term targets and target values for ground-level ozone in the air, and depending on the properties of the pollutant, prescribes upper and lower assessment thresholds, target values, average exposure indicator for particulate matter, target exposure reduction at national level, exposure concentration, critical...
KeywordsParticulate matter, Pollutants, Concentrations, Nitrogen monoxide, Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, PM10Resource Management (National Environmental Standards for Air Quality) Regulations 2004 ("NES Regulations 2004")| 2020 |Regulation
New ZealandKeywordsAir quality, Legislation, Air sheds, PM10, Burning, Ambient air quality standards, Concentrations, Pollutants, Allowed exceedances, Air pollution, Air quality monitoring, Sulphur dioxide, Volatile organic compounds, Waste burning, Zoning, Carbon monoxide, Fuel burning, Monitoring stations, Particulate matterPagination
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