Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China
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Abstract
This Law enacts principles for the agriculture development, management and preservation in China. "Agriculture" as mentioned in this Law means crop-plantation, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries. "Agricultural production and operation organizations" mentioned in this Law mean agricultural economic collectives, State-owned agricultural enterprises or other agricultural enterprises. The Law consists of 13 Chapters: I General Provisions; II System of Agricultural Production and Operation; III Agricultural Production; IV Circulation and Processing of Agricultural Products; V Grain Security; VI Input to and Support and Protection of Agriculture; VII Agricultural Science and Technology and Education in Agriculture; VIII Agricultural Resources and Protection of Agricultural Environment; IX Protection of the Rights and Interests of Farmers; X Development of the Rural Economy; Law Enforcement and Supervision; XII Legal Liability; XIII Supplementary Provisions.
Chapter I General Provisions. In China land in rural and suburban areas is owned by collectives except for those portions belonging to the State, that is, to the whole people. Forests, mountains, grasslands, unreclaimed lands, beaches, waters and other natural resources are owned by the State, with the exception that are owned by collectives in accordance with the law. It outlines the rights of use and responsibilities. Chapter II System of Agricultural Production and Operation. Lands, mountains, grasslands, unreclaimed lands, beaches and water surfaces owned by collectives or the State and exploited by agricultural economic collectives, may be contracted to individuals or collectives for agricultural production. State-owned or collective-owned waste hills or unreclaimed lands suitable for afforestation may be contracted to individuals or collectives for afforestation. The rights of individuals or collectives to undertake operation by contract shall be protected by law. It regulates collection of fees and imposition of fines upon peasants or agricultural production and operation organizations by State organs must be based on the provision of laws or regulations. Chapter III Agricultural Production. The State shall take measures in the aspects of finance, means of agricultural production, technology and market information to assist agricultural production and operation organizations or agricultural labourers in developing agricultural production. It regulates the duties of People's governments at various levels. Chapter IV Circulation of Agricultural Products. Market regulation shall be gradually practised in the purchasing or selling of agricultural products, and the State shall carry out necessary macro-regulation and control in the purchasing or selling activities of major agricultural products relating to the national economy and the people's livelihood. Chapter V Grain Security. The state shall take measures to protect and improve the comprehensive grain production capacity and ensure food security. The state shall also establish a farmland protection system and implemented special protection for basic farmland in accordance with the law. Chapter VI Input to and Support and Protection of Agriculture. The State shall gradually increase the overall input to agriculture. The growing rate of the annual overall input to agriculture by the national finance shall be higher than that of regular national revenue. Chapter VII Agricultural Science and Technology, and Agricultural Education. People's governments at various levels shall steadily increase the expenditure on agricultural science and technology and on agricultural education to promote agricultural science and technology as well as agricultural education undertakings. Chapter VIII Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Environmental Protection. In the development of agriculture, resources must be utilised in a rational way and the ecological environment must be protected and improved. The state shall establish a system for the protection of biological species resources related to agricultural production. There is a focus on biodiversity conservation, particularly for rare and endangered species, and strict regulations on genetically modified organisms. Chapter IX Protection of the Rights and Interests of Farmers.Article 71 When the State expropriates land collectively owned by farmers in accordance with law, it shall protect the lawful rights and interests of farmers and rural collective economic organizations and provide farmers and rural collective economic organizations with compensation for the expropriation of land in accordance with law. Chapter X Development of the Rural Economy. The state shall adjust and optimize the rural economic structure, increases farmers' income, promotes the all-round development of the rural economy, and gradually narrows the urban-rural gap.
Chapter I General Provisions. In China land in rural and suburban areas is owned by collectives except for those portions belonging to the State, that is, to the whole people. Forests, mountains, grasslands, unreclaimed lands, beaches, waters and other natural resources are owned by the State, with the exception that are owned by collectives in accordance with the law. It outlines the rights of use and responsibilities. Chapter II System of Agricultural Production and Operation. Lands, mountains, grasslands, unreclaimed lands, beaches and water surfaces owned by collectives or the State and exploited by agricultural economic collectives, may be contracted to individuals or collectives for agricultural production. State-owned or collective-owned waste hills or unreclaimed lands suitable for afforestation may be contracted to individuals or collectives for afforestation. The rights of individuals or collectives to undertake operation by contract shall be protected by law. It regulates collection of fees and imposition of fines upon peasants or agricultural production and operation organizations by State organs must be based on the provision of laws or regulations. Chapter III Agricultural Production. The State shall take measures in the aspects of finance, means of agricultural production, technology and market information to assist agricultural production and operation organizations or agricultural labourers in developing agricultural production. It regulates the duties of People's governments at various levels. Chapter IV Circulation of Agricultural Products. Market regulation shall be gradually practised in the purchasing or selling of agricultural products, and the State shall carry out necessary macro-regulation and control in the purchasing or selling activities of major agricultural products relating to the national economy and the people's livelihood. Chapter V Grain Security. The state shall take measures to protect and improve the comprehensive grain production capacity and ensure food security. The state shall also establish a farmland protection system and implemented special protection for basic farmland in accordance with the law. Chapter VI Input to and Support and Protection of Agriculture. The State shall gradually increase the overall input to agriculture. The growing rate of the annual overall input to agriculture by the national finance shall be higher than that of regular national revenue. Chapter VII Agricultural Science and Technology, and Agricultural Education. People's governments at various levels shall steadily increase the expenditure on agricultural science and technology and on agricultural education to promote agricultural science and technology as well as agricultural education undertakings. Chapter VIII Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Environmental Protection. In the development of agriculture, resources must be utilised in a rational way and the ecological environment must be protected and improved. The state shall establish a system for the protection of biological species resources related to agricultural production. There is a focus on biodiversity conservation, particularly for rare and endangered species, and strict regulations on genetically modified organisms. Chapter IX Protection of the Rights and Interests of Farmers.Article 71 When the State expropriates land collectively owned by farmers in accordance with law, it shall protect the lawful rights and interests of farmers and rural collective economic organizations and provide farmers and rural collective economic organizations with compensation for the expropriation of land in accordance with law. Chapter X Development of the Rural Economy. The state shall adjust and optimize the rural economic structure, increases farmers' income, promotes the all-round development of the rural economy, and gradually narrows the urban-rural gap.
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Entry into force notes
Entry into force on July 02, 1993.
Repealed
No
Source language
English
Legislation Amendment
No
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