Mining Law.

This Law lays down conditions of prospection, exploration and exploitation of mineral resources, regardless of whether they are in the ground, on its surface or in the waters, conditions of suspension of their exploitation and conditions of ensuring the safety and health during carrying out works concerning the exploration, exploitation and abandonment of the exploitation of mineral resources. For the purposes of these provisions mining means an economic activity that is engaged in the extraction of mineral resources and the scope of prospection, exploration and exploitation of mineral resources and abandonment of the exploitation of mineral resources. Mineral resources are classified as energy, metals, non-metals and other mineral resources.
Entities wishing to engage in mining must obtain state approval for both the exploration phase—identifying the location and quality of minerals—and the subsequent extraction phase. These permissions are tied to strict technical requirements, including the submission of detailed mining projects and proof of professional qualifications to ensure operational safety and resource efficiency.
The Law places significant emphasis on environmental protection and the safety of mining operations. It mandates that mining activities must be planned to minimize impacts on the surrounding landscape, water sources, and local communities. Furthermore, the Law requires the ongoing monitoring of mining sites and establishes clear protocols for the health and safety of workers involved in the extraction process.
The Law outlines the obligations for the cessation of mining activities and the restoration of the environment. Once extraction is complete, the concession holder is legally responsible for the "sanitation" or reclamation of the mining site. This process involves securing the area to prevent future hazards and rehabilitating the land so that it can be returned to other uses, such as forestry, agriculture, or recreation, thereby mitigating the long-term footprint of the industrial activity.